System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举

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方法描述

指定在 Set 或 Get 操作中存储或检索环境变量的位置。

语法定义(C# System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举的用法)

[ComVisibleAttribute(true)]
public enum EnvironmentVariableTarget

提示和注释

SetEnvironmentVariable 、GetEnvironmentVariable 和 GetEnvironmentVariables 方法的某些重载使用 EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举，以指定存储或检索环境变量的名称及值的位置或目标。

目标可以是下列三个位置之一：与当前进程关联的环境块、为与当前用户关联的环境变量保留的 Windows 操作系统注册表项，或者为与本地计算机上所有用户关联的环境变量保留的注册表项。

System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举例子

下面的代码示例演示创建、修改以及删除环境变量的方法中的 EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举。

// This example demonstrates the 
//     Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable,
//     Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable, and 
//     Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables overloaded methods.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using Microsoft.Win32;

class Sample 
{
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Globals: 
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    protected static string fmtNameValue = "  {0} {1}.";
    protected static string myVarSuffix = "_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE";

// Four relatively unique environment variable names.
    protected static string myVarA = "A" + myVarSuffix; // default process
    protected static string myVarB = "B" + myVarSuffix; // Current Process
    protected static string myVarC = "C" + myVarSuffix; // Current User
    protected static string myVarD = "D" + myVarSuffix; // Local Machine
//=====================================================================================
// EachVariable: 
// Test whether a specific environment variable exists in a target.
// This section demonstrates Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    protected static void EachVariable(string var, EnvironmentVariableTarget tgt)
    {
    string str;
    //
    if (0 == tgt)          // Zero means use the default target.
        str = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(var);
    else
        str = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable(var, tgt);
    Console.WriteLine(fmtNameValue, 
                      var, (String.IsNullOrEmpty(str) ? "doesn't exist" : str));
    }
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CheckEachVariable: 
// Uses EachVariable to test whether each environment variable exists in a target.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    protected static void CheckEachVariable()
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Process:");
    EachVariable(myVarA, 0);  // Check the default target (current process)
    EachVariable(myVarB, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
    EachVariable(myVarC, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
    EachVariable(myVarD, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
    Console.WriteLine();

    Console.WriteLine("User:");
    EachVariable(myVarA, EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
    EachVariable(myVarB, EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
    EachVariable(myVarC, EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
    EachVariable(myVarD, EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
    Console.WriteLine();

    Console.WriteLine("Machine:");
    EachVariable(myVarA, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
    EachVariable(myVarB, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
    EachVariable(myVarC, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
    EachVariable(myVarD, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
//=====================================================================================
// AllVariables: CheckAllVariables helper function.
// This section demonstrates Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    private static void AllVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget tgt)
    {
    string value;
    string key;

    foreach(DictionaryEntry de in Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables(tgt))
        {
        key   = (string)de.Key;
        value = (string)de.Value;
        if (key.Contains(myVarSuffix))
            Console.WriteLine(fmtNameValue, key, value);
        }
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
//=====================================================================================
// CheckAllVariables: 
// Uses AllVariables to test whether each environment variable exists in a target.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    protected static void CheckAllVariables()
    {
    Console.WriteLine("Process:");
    AllVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);

    Console.WriteLine("User:");
    AllVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);

    Console.WriteLine("Machine:");
    AllVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
    }
//=====================================================================================
// ChkReg: CheckRegistry helper function.
// This function filters out irrelevant environment variables. 
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    private static void ChkReg(RegistryKey rk)
    {
    bool exists = false;
    string registryNone = "  Environment variable doesn't exist.";

    foreach (string s in rk.GetValueNames())
        {
        if (s.Contains(myVarSuffix))
            {
            Console.WriteLine(fmtNameValue, s, (string)rk.GetValue(s));
            exists = true;
            }
        }
    if (exists == false)
        Console.WriteLine(registryNone);
    Console.WriteLine();
    }
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// CheckRegistry: 
// Uses ChkReg to display the User and Machine environment variables in the registry.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    protected static void CheckRegistry()
    {
    string subkeyU = @"Environment";
    string subkeyM = @"System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment";
    string fmtSubkey = "\"{0}\" key:";

    Console.WriteLine(fmtSubkey, subkeyU);
    ChkReg(Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(subkeyU));

    Console.WriteLine(fmtSubkey, subkeyM);
    ChkReg(Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(subkeyM));
    }
//=====================================================================================
// Main:
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    public static void Main() 
    {
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Environment variable values
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    string existsA = "exists in the default target (Process)";
    string existsB = "exists in Process";
    string existsC = "exists in User";
    string existsD = "exists in Machine";
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Messages:
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    string msg1  = "Step 1:\n" +
                       "  Check whether the environment variables already exist in \n" + 
                       "  the various targets...\n";
    string msg2  = "Step 2:\n" +
                       "  Set the environment variable for each target...\n";
    string msg31 = "Step 3, part 1:\n" + 
                       "  Display the environment variables in each target...\n";
    string msg32 = "Step 3, part 2:\n" +
                       "  Check whether the User and Machine environment variables \n" +
                       "  were created in the Windows operating system registry...\n";
    string msg41 = "Step 4, part 1:\n" +
                       "  Delete the environment variables created for this sample...\n";
    string msg42 = "Step 4, part 2:\n" +
                       "  Check whether the environment variables were deleted \n" +
                       "  in each target...\n";
    string msg43 = "Step 4, part 3:\n" + 
                       "  Check whether the User and Machine environment variables \n" +
                       "  were deleted from the Windows operating system registry...\n";
    string fmt2x   = "  {0,9}: Set {1} = \"{2}\"";
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 1:
// Check whether the sample environment variables already exist.
// WARNING: These variables will be deleted at the end of this sample.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg1);
    CheckEachVariable();
    Console.WriteLine();
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 2:
// Set the environment variable for each target.
// This section demonstrates Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg2);
// Set the environment variable for the default target (the current process).
    Console.WriteLine(fmt2x, "(default)", myVarA, existsA);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarA, existsA);

// Set the environment variable for the the current process.
    Console.WriteLine(fmt2x, "Process", myVarB, existsB);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarB, existsB, 
        EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);

// Set the environment variable for the the current user.
    Console.WriteLine(fmt2x, "User", myVarC, existsC);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarC, existsC, 
        EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);

// Set the environment variable for the the local machine.
    Console.WriteLine(fmt2x, "Machine", myVarD, existsD);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarD, existsD, 
        EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
    Console.WriteLine();
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 3, part 1:
// Display the environment variables in each target.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg31);
    CheckAllVariables();
    Console.WriteLine();
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 3, part 2:
// Check whether the User and Machine environment variables were created in the Windows 
// operating system registry.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg32);
    CheckRegistry();
    Console.WriteLine();
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 4, part 1:
// Delete the environment variables created for this sample.
// This section demonstrates using Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable to delete an 
// environment variable.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg41);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarA, null);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarB, null, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Process);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarC, null, EnvironmentVariableTarget.User);
    Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(myVarD, null, EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 4, part 2:
// Check whether the environment variables were deleted in each target.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg42);
    CheckEachVariable();
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Step 4, part 3:
// Check whether the User and Machine environment variables were deleted from the 
// Windows operating system registry.
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Console.WriteLine(msg43);
    CheckRegistry();
    }
}
/*
This example produces the following results:

Step 1:
  Check whether the environment variables already exist in
  the various targets...

Process:
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.

User:
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.

Machine:
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.


Step 2:
  Set the environment variable for each target...

  (default): Set A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE = "exists in the default target (Process)"
    Process: Set B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE = "exists in Process"
       User: Set C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE = "exists in User"
    Machine: Set D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE = "exists in Machine"

Step 3, part 1:
  Display the environment variables in each target...

Process:
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE exists in Process.
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE exists in the default target (Process).

User:
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE exists in User.

Machine:
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE exists in Machine.


Step 3, part 2:
  Check whether the User and Machine environment variables
  were created in the Windows operating system registry...

"Environment" key:
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE exists in User.

"System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" key:
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE exists in Machine.


Step 4, part 1:
  Delete the environment variables created for this sample...

Step 4, part 2:
  Check whether the environment variables were deleted
  in each target...

Process:
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.

User:
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.

Machine:
  A_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  B_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  C_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.
  D_GETSET_ENVAR_SAMPLE doesn't exist.

Step 4, part 3:
  Check whether the User and Machine environment variables
  were deleted from the Windows operating system registry...

"Environment" key:
  Environment variable doesn't exist.

"System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment" key:
  Environment variable doesn't exist.
*/

继承层次结构

命名空间

namespace: System

程序集: mscorlib（在 mscorlib.dll 中）

线程安全

版本信息

.NET Framework 受以下版本支持：4、3.5、3.0、2.0 .NET Framework Client Profile 受以下版本支持：4、3.5 SP1

适用平台

Windows 7, Windows Vista SP1 或更高版本, Windows XP SP3, Windows XP SP2 x64 Edition, Windows Server 2008（不支持服务器核心）, Windows Server 2008 R2（支持 SP1 或更高版本的服务器核心）, Windows Server 2003 SP2 .NET Framework 并不是对每个平台的所有版本都提供支持。有关支持的版本的列表，请参见.NET Framework 系统要求。

System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举

方法描述

语法定义(C# System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举的用法)

构造函数

成员/方法

提示和注释

System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举例子

继承层次结构

命名空间

线程安全

版本信息

适用平台

相关资源

C# 文件及文件夹操作

C# 文件操作

C# 文件夹操作

System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举

方法描述

语法定义(C# System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举 的用法)

构造函数

成员/方法

提示和注释

System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举例子

继承层次结构

命名空间

线程安全

版本信息

适用平台

相关资源

C# 文件及文件夹操作

C# 文件操作

C# 文件夹操作

语法定义(C# System.EnvironmentVariableTarget 枚举的用法)